Encephal/o
Accuracy reviewed
Combining form meaning brain.
Nervous
Medical Terminology
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Deck 1 of 2 · Cards 1–30 of 43
Encephalitis
Accuracy reviewed
Inflammation of the brain.
Nervous
Myel/o
Accuracy reviewed
Combining form meaning spinal cord (also bone marrow).
Nervous
Myelitis
Accuracy reviewed
Inflammation of the spinal cord.
Nervous
Neur/o
Accuracy reviewed
Combining form meaning nerve or neuron.
Nervous
Neuritis
Accuracy reviewed
Inflammation of a nerve.
Nervous
Synapse
Accuracy reviewed
The gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released.
Nervous
Dendrite
Accuracy reviewed
Part of a neuron where impulses begin.
Nervous
Cell body (soma)
Accuracy reviewed
Central part of a neuron containing the nucleus.
Nervous
Axon
Accuracy reviewed
Part of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body.
Nervous
Neurotransmitter
Accuracy reviewed
Chemical messenger released into the synapse to transmit signals between neurons.
Nervous
Ependymal cell
Accuracy reviewed
Glial cell that produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Nervous
Astrocyte
Accuracy reviewed
Glial cell that provides nutrients to neurons.
Nervous
Microglia
Accuracy reviewed
Glial phagocytes that engulf debris in the nervous system.
Nervous
Medulla (oblongata)
Accuracy reviewed
Part of the brainstem connecting the brain and spinal cord. Contains centers regulating heart rate and respiration.
Nervous
Hypothalamus
Accuracy reviewed
Brain structure deep within the brain. Acts as a control center for many biological processes. Produces oxytocin and ADH.
Nervous
Cerebellum
Accuracy reviewed
Brain structure at the back of the brain that coordinates movement.
Nervous
Pituitary gland
Accuracy reviewed
Endocrine gland at the base of the brain, below the hypothalamus. Secretes numerous hormones.
Nervous
Meninges
Accuracy reviewed
Protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. Three layers: dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater.
Nervous
Dura mater
Accuracy reviewed
Outermost layer of the meninges.
Nervous
Arachnoid mater
Accuracy reviewed
Middle layer of the meninges.
Nervous
Pia mater
Accuracy reviewed
Innermost layer of the meninges.
Nervous
Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
Accuracy reviewed
12th cranial nerve. Controls tongue movement. Glosso = tongue.
Nervous
Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
Accuracy reviewed
3rd cranial nerve. Controls eye movement.
Nervous
Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
Accuracy reviewed
8th cranial nerve. Involved in hearing.
Nervous
Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
Accuracy reviewed
5th cranial nerve. Handles facial sensations.
Nervous
Lumbar puncture (spinal tap)
Accuracy reviewed
Procedure inserting a needle between lumbar vertebrae to collect cerebrospinal fluid.
Nervous
CT scan
Accuracy reviewed
An imaging procedure of the brain or body.
Nervous
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Accuracy reviewed
Recording of the electrical activity of the brain.
Nervous
Neuralgia
Accuracy reviewed
Nerve pain. -algia = pain.
Nervous
Deck 1 of 2
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