Male Reproductive.

The gonad is the organ that produces gametes. The male gonad is the testicle (also called the testis). The spermatozoon is the male gamete itself. Testosterone is the male sex hormone. The penis is the male external sex organ.

The prepuce (also called foreskin) is a collar of skin that extends to the glans penis. This is the part removed during circumcision. The corpus cavernosum (plural cavernosa) is erectile tissue forming most of the penile tissue. The corpus spongiosum is erectile tissue surrounding the urethra. The glans is the terminal part of the penis.

The root orchi- means testicle. Orchiopexy is a surgical procedure to fix an undescended testicle into the scrotum. Orchiectomy would be removal of a testicle. Vasectomy involves cutting the vas deferens. Prostatectomy is removal of the prostate.

The prostate produces a milky secretion that nourishes sperm. The vas deferens is a tube carrying sperm from the epididymis to the urethra. The epididymis carries sperm from the testis to the vas deferens. The seminiferous tubule is where spermatogenesis takes place.

Dys- means bad, difficult, painful, or abnormal. Uria refers to urine. Dysuria means painful or difficult urination. It is a common symptom of sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea. Excessive urination is polyuria. Blood in urine is hematuria. Absence of urination is anuria.

Hypospadias is a congenital (birth) defect in which the urethra opens in an abnormal position on the penis. Balanitis is inflammation of the head of the penis (the suffix -itis means inflammation). Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis. Torsion means twisting. Testicular torsion occurs when the testis rotates and twists the spermatic cord.

During a vasectomy, the vas deferens is cut so that sperm cannot reach the semen during ejaculation. The other structures are not cut during a vasectomy. The vasectomy specifically targets the vas deferens as a form of male contraception.

The tip of the penis is called the glans penis. The shaft is the elongated body composed of erectile tissue. The prepuce (foreskin) is a sleeve of skin extending toward the glans. The urethra is a tubular structure serving as a passageway for semen and urine, with its opening at the tip of the penis.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (also called benign prostatic hypertrophy or benign prostatic enlargement) is a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate that causes urinary symptoms. BPH is not cancer, infection, or a surgical procedure. It is a benign condition.